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INSTRUCTION BOOKRF DIRECTIONALTHRULINE® WATTMETER MODEL 43Also Covers Models 4431, 43PAnd Series 4300, 4520©Copyright 2008 by Bird Electronic Corporat

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1Chapter 1 IntroductionPurpose and FunctionThis manual covers the operation of the Bird 43 Thruline Wattmeter and its descendants. Two models have RF

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter2A shielded cable connects the RF line section to the rest of the wattmeter. This lets you remove the line section from the wat

3Figure 2Bird 43 Thruline WattmeterOutline Drawing

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter4

5Chapter 2 Theory of OperationTravelling Wave ViewpointThe easiest way to visualize Thruline operation is from a travelling wave viewpoint. In transmi

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter6Coupling CircuitThe coupling circuit that samples the travelling waves is in the Bird Plug-In Element. The element circuitry a

Theory of Operation7capacitive current, while that produced by the wave travelling in the opposite direction will subtract. The additive or “arrow” di

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter8Standing Wave vs. Travelling Wave Viewpoint As mentioned previously, the Thruline Wattmeter reacts to forward and reverse trav

Theory of Operation9 NOTE: Attenuation, measured in dB, can be derived from the power ratio by the equation Ndb = 10 log φ.VSWR scales and their atte

iSafety PrecautionsThe following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure, and do not necessa

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter10Figure 4Percent Reflected Power vs. VSWR (1.0 – 1.3)

Theory of Operation11Figure 5Percent Reflected Power vs. VSWR (1.0 – 8.0)

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter12Low Reflection Measurementsφ = 10% (ρ = 2) is the typical limit of antenna match. Further effort is frequently not worthwhile

Theory of Operation13Transmitter Monitoring The Thruline Wattmeter can be used for the continuous monitoring of transmitter output or reflected power,

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter14unknown line to the wattmeter. The measured φ is the attenuation for two passes along the line (down and back). The attenuati

Theory of Operation15These curves are typical for all element types (H, A, B, C, D, ...) at their respective frequencies. Since a C type element has a

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter16Impedance MismatchThere may be cases where it is necessary to use the Bird 43 with a non-50 ohm transmission line. If the ref

17Chapter 3 InstallationWhen transporting the Bird 43, insert the original dust plug, or an element with the arrow pointing upward, in the element soc

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter18The Bird 43 is normally supplied with Quick-Change Female N type connectors. Other Bird “QC” connectors are available, refer

Installation19The RF line section of the Bird 43 lends itself very readily to panel mounting. A layout for the panel cut is given in Figure 7. The thi

Bird Model 43 WattmeteriiSafety SymbolsThis symbol appears on the equipment indicating there is important information in the instruction manual regard

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter20

21Chapter 4 Operating InstructionsThe Bird 43 uses plug-in elements to make measurements. The element’s frequency range and maximum power are listed o

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter22y Turn on the RF source.y Read the power using the scale whose full-scale marking matches the element’s maximum power.When re

Operating Instructions23Figure 9VSWR Conversion Graph (Reflected Power 0.2 – 20.0)

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter24Figure 10VSWR Conversion Graph (Reflected Power 0.01 – 1.00)

Operating Instructions25Load MatchingWhen a Bird 43 is used to tune a load to a transmitter and a good match is obtained, removing the unit will not c

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter26Figure 11Cable Length / Wavelength Matching

27Chapter 5 MaintenanceThe rugged and simple design of the Bird 43 means that it requires minimal routine maintenance.TroubleshootingThe following tab

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter28CleaningIt is important to keep the following surfaces clean:y Socket borey DC contacts on the elementy Teflon insulatorsIf a

Maintenance29If the RF line section seems dirty, do not loosen any connections. Clean accessible components as described above and use dry, clean air

iiiCaution StatementsThe following equipment cautions appear in the text whenever the equipment is in danger of damage, and are repeated here for emph

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter30Zero AdjustThe meter’s zero setting should be checked when no RF power is present. When no power is applied the pointer shoul

Maintenance31Customer ServiceIf you need to return the unit for any reason, contact the Bird Service Center for a return authorization. All instrument

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter32Bird 43 Replacement Parts ListDescription Qty. Part NumberHousing Assembly 1 4210-018Cover Assembly 1 4210-005-1Line Section

Maintenance33Available “QC” Type ConnectorsConnector Part Number Connector Part NumberBNC-Female 4240-125 Open Term.# 10-32 Nut4240-363BNC-Male 4240-1

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter34

35Chapter 6 Model DifferencesBird 43P Peak WattmeterThe Bird 43P Thruline Wattmeter is the same as the Bird 43, with the added capability of measuring

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter36Rectangular PulsesWhen measuring rectangular pulse power, note the following signal requirements:y Duty Cycle: 2%, minimumy R

Model Differences37MaintenanceMaintenance of the Bird 43P is the same as for the Bird 43 except for battery replacement. Battery life should typically

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter38Bird 4301 Thruline WattmeterThe Bird 4301 Thruline Wattmeter is the same as the Bird 43 except for the following physical dif

Model Differences39Bird 4305A Thruline WattmeterThe Bird 4305A Thruline Wattmeter is the same as the Bird 43 except for the following physical differe

Bird Model 43 WattmeterivBENUTZUNGWIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT BEEINTRÄCHTIGT W

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter40Bird 4431 Thruline WattmeterThe Bird 4431 RF Sampling Wattmeter is the same as the Bird 43 Thruline Wattmeter except for an R

Model Differences41MaintenanceDo not make repairs to the probe assembly. If the sampler malfunc-tions, we recommend returning the unit to the Bird Ser

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter42Bird 4431 Replacement Parts ListOnly parts which are not used on the Bird 43 are listed here.Description Qty. Part NumberModi

Model Differences43Bird 4520 Series Thruline WattmetersThe Bird 4520 RF Thruline Wattmeters (models 4521, 4522, 4523, 4525, 4526, 4527) are the same a

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter44Description Qty. Part NumberMounting Panel (Components: M = meter,E = element socket, S = switch)4521 (1M, 1E)4522 (1M, 2E, 1

45Chapter 7 SpecificationsThese specifications include data covering the Bird 43, 43P, 4305A, 4431, 4521, 4522, 4523, 4525, 4526, and 4527. Specificat

Bird Model 43 Wattmeter464431* 5000 W max, 2 – 30 MHz1000 W max, 30 – 1000 MHz4527 1000 W max, 2 – 200 MHz500 W max, 200 – 512 MHzRF Coupling4527 (app

Specifications474431 3-7/8”L x 4”W x 6-7/8”H(99 x 102 x 175 mm)4521/22/23/25/26/27 19”W x 5-1/4”H x 1-3/4”D(483 x 134 x 45 mm)Weight, Nominal43, 4521/

48Limited WarrantyAll products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year,

vANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND WARTUNGSARBEITEN

Bird Model 43 WattmeterviAbout This ManualThis instruction book covers RF Directional Thruline Wattmeters Models:This instruction book is arranged so

viiChanges to This ManualWe have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you should discover any errors or if you have suggestions for

Table of ContentsSafety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iAbout This Manual . . . . . . .